Commentary on a Passage from Cry, the Beloved Country

Capee tale, Cry, the adored nation is composed by Alan Paton, an incredible South African author. The book was distributed in 1948 and became overall blockbuster. Alan Paton for the most part talks about the battle for Africa and particularly the contentions between the Whites and the Blacks in South Africa. He needs the individuals to understand that the demolition or breaking separated of a nation like South Africa can be retouched through expectation and this expectation must be reached if individuals acknowledge and love each other as individual human beings.The Whites picked up power through power and impulse. The picked entry shows Western style of reasoning which lead to this specific devastation of South Africa. The entry outlines an original copy from Arthur Jarvis and is the exact opposite thing he composed before he was shot by the locals. He portrayed that the Christian development is â€Å"riddled completely with dilemma†. The original copy by Arthur shows that in spite of the fact that the Westerners have stifled the locals and wrecked their way of life, their own human progress is loaded with pulverization and tragedy.The Westerners consider themselves prevalent and smother the locals. From the section it is demonstrated that they deny offering training to the locals since they believe that it would not help the nation in any case. â€Å"We state we retain instruction in light of the fact that the dark youngster has not the knowledge to benefit by it; we retain chance to create blessings since individuals of color have no endowments. Arthur likewise portrays: â€Å"We have confidence in help for the longshot, yet we need him to remain under†, which shows their should be unrivaled. The word dark horse even makes the locals insensitive. They depict them as dark horses, as creatures, which is an extremely egotistical tone. Arthur likewise writes in his original copy that the Westerners think, since they accomplished their own headway in an extensive stretch relationship.

Adverse Possession Problem Question

Unfriendly Possession Problem Question Land Law (Adverse Possession) Problem Question (3000 words) In this situation, Molly is worried to build up the status of the plot of land that lies past the nursery of the house that she has acquired from her cousin, Ms Twigg. The plot is nearby the nursery of the property, and is a characteristic augmentation of the garden’s length. Ms Twigg, and thusly Molly, have taken measures to differentiate the plot of land, clear it, and declare a proportion of command over it. Molly isn't quick to set up title over the land, so as to keep the nearby gathering from continuing with their arrangement to change over it into an expressway lay-by. It is conceivable, as will be seen, that the convention of antagonistic belonging works in this circumstance so that by righteousness of the way that Ms Twigg and Molly have affirmed some power over the plot, and there has not, until 1997, been any articulation by the nearby gathering of its command over the plot, Molly can appropriately guarantee responsibility for plot. Segment 15 of the Limitation Act 1980 is entitled ‘Time limit for activities to recuperate land’. The segment is worried about as far as possible after which a lawful proprietor of a real estate parcel can't carry an activity to recuperate the land being referred to where outsider rights have been collected. It states ‘No activity will be brought by any individual to recoup any land after the termination of twelve years from the date on which the privilege of activity gathered to him or, on the off chance that it initially accumulated to some individual through whom he guarantees, to that person’ (area 15(1)). There are, obviously, certain stipulations in the last piece of the segment, the important ones of which will be examined, yet on the off chance that the area does for sure apply, it would imply that after the time of 12 years from the date Ms Twigg got a privilege in the land, the neighborhood authority would lose their title to it. This is accommodat ed by area 17 of the Act. This, at that point, is one of the legal bases for the precept of unfriendly belonging. What are the components of this teaching? It is plainly an indication of the idea of relativity of title that is so key to English land law; that will be that all title to land is just comparative with different cases on that land, and never total in the genuine sense. It is a methods for giving proprietorship to people who don't have legitimate title to the land being referred to, just like the case here. In fact, it is typically clear in instances of antagonistic belonging that not exclusively does the inquirer not have title, yet a recognized other gathering has lawful title. This is the reason the convention is so disputable; it denies one gathering of a legitimate right for a second gathering with no lawful title. Antagonistic belonging works where, inside the timeframe referenced above in the Limitation Act 1980, the lawful proprietor (for this situation the nearby board) neglects to make a move to expel a supposed ‘squatter’ (for this situation Ms Twigg and therefore Molly) from the land being referred to. On account of Newington v Windeyer (1985), the principle was applied in commonsense terms. It was expressed that ownership gives title that is ‘good against everybody aside from an individual who has better, in light of the fact that more established, title.’ This implies even an unfair gatecrasher can obtain title in another’s land. The principle of unfavorable belonging was most as of late considered in the fundamental instance of JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v Graham (2003), in which the significance of possessory control was featured. There are, be that as it may, two components to this idea. The first is verifiable belonging (or factum possessionis in the speech of the decisions). Also, and similarly critically, there is a psychological segment, described by an aim to have with respect to the vagrant (enmity possidendi). Albeit considered on account of Pye, the duality of the ownership factor was referenced by Gibson LJ in Prudential Assurance Co Ltd v Waterloo Real Estate Inc (1999). The vagrant must have ‘subjective expectation to have the land yet he should likewise appear by his outward direct that that was his intention.’ This thought was affirmed in Pye by Lord Hope, who recognizes that such a goal was typically prove by ‘acts which have taken place.’ How, at that point, does this appl y to the current situation? The principal component, truthful belonging, can be believed to be met by the way that the limit fence has been wrecked by Ms Twigg, in this way evacuating a hindrance to the plot being referred to, and by her expulsion of the flotsam and jetsam in the new territory. In Powell v MacFarlane (1977), it was held that ownership all through the time of affirms unfavorable belonging must be select to the petitioner, albeit a solitary belonging by or in the interest of a few people mutually is sufficient. This, at that point, applies to Ms Twigg’s circumstance, and her resulting movement of the property to Molly. Moreover, that ownership must, in the expressions of Lord Templeman in Browne v Perry (1991), be ‘peaceable and open’. This necessity has likewise been met by Ms Twigg and Molly, as a physical examination of the plot by the nearby authority would uncover that the inhabitant of the house was presently in real ownership of the plot of land. It is likewise essentia l to take note of that if there was any component of authorization from the nearby expert for Ms Twigg to utilize the land, this would discredit any guarantee of unfriendly belonging, as the entire embodiment of the precept is that the ownership must be antagonistic to the paper proprietor. Indeed, even some suggested permit would vanquish the case of ownership. In the current case, notwithstanding, it appears to be far-fetched that such a permit exists. The sum or ‘factum’ of physical belonging required to meet the prerequisite of unfavorable belonging was considered in Buckinghamshire CC v Moran (1990), in which Slade LJ said that at last, it relied upon the petitioner declaring ‘complete and selective physical control’ over the land being referred to. He had thought on this point in the prior instance of Powell v MacFarlane (1997) when he expressed that it must be demonstrated that ‘the asserted holder has been managing the land being referred to as an involving proprietor would have been required to manage it and that nobody else has done so.’ Will Ms Twigg’s and Molly’s activities be adequate to build up this essential degree of real belonging? As we probably am aware, the plot is limited on three sides by supports and trees, and the fence limit imparted to the house has been wrecked. In Seddon v Smith (1877), it was held that fenced in area is the ‘strongest conceivable proof of unfriendly possession.’ While Ms Twigg didn't really build a nook, she removed a fake limit with the goal that the nursery and the plot are presently limited completely. This will most likely be an adequate level of accurate belonging. The adequacy of the possessory control relies upon the specific situation, and here, it appears to be likely the freedom will be adequate. In Hounslow London Borough Council v Minchinton (1997), an unsubstantial utilization of the land being referred to was viewed as adequate in light of the fact that it was the main reasonable utilization of the land. A comparative circumstance applies here. The second component of possessory control, at that point, is the imperative expectation to have. Ms Twigg and Molly more likely than not demonstrated a proceeding with goal to have all through the time of antagonistic belonging, following Railtrack plc v Hutchinson (1998). In Powell v MacFarlane (1977), this was held to mean ‘the expectation, in one’s own name and for one’s own sake, to prohibit the world everywhere, incorporating the proprietor with the paper title †¦ so far as is sensibly commonsense thus far as the procedures of the law will allow.’ This aim must be both veritable, and furthermore should be clarified to the world. This incorporates the paper proprietor (that is, the neighborhood authority as the legitimate title holder) if that proprietor was available on the land being referred to. Once more, as was referenced above, it appears to be likely that this imperative expectation will be fulfilled by the expulsion of the limit fence, and the freedom of the garbage on the plot by Ms Twigg and consequently by Molly. The applicable aim can, and typically will, be induced from direct, so somewhat it very well may be met by indistinguishable measures from exhibiting real belonging. It appears, at that point, that between them, Ms Twigg and Molly have met the entirety of the pre-necessities of making an effective case of antagonistic ownership of the plot of land. The potential for discussion brought about by this regulation was represented on account of Ellis v Lambeth London Borough Council (2000), in which a vagrant effectively guaranteed a board house worth  £200,000. Without a doubt, in Buckinghamshire CC v Moran (1990), Nourse LJ portrayed unfavorable belonging as unashamedly ‘possession as of wrong’. By what method can this precept be squared with the expanding attention to and center around human rights, and especially on those cherished in the European Convention on Human Rights, which was consolidated into English law by the Human Rights Act 1998? This issue was considered on account of JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v Graham (2001). It was noticed that the precept regularly brings about the hardship of assets, and thus may be believed to be in penetrate of human rights contained in the Convention. It was thought of, be that as it may, that the standard works, at last, in the open intrigue, and is in this way legitimized under th e Convention. How, at that point, does the convention apply in the current conditions? In the primary situation, the dates are huge in light of the fact that they pre-date the Land Registration Act 2002, which significantly affected the region of unfriendly belonging (which will be considered under the subsequent situation). The noteworthy dates here, at that point, are 1980, when Ms Twigg moved into the property, and at which time there was no doubt of the nearby power holding the title to the plot of land

Tips for Negotiating Medical Bills

Tips for Negotiating Medical Bills Tips for Negotiating Medical Bills Tips for Negotiating Medical BillsStaring down a mountain of medical debt can be scary, but there are steps you can take to try and reduce those bills!You know what sounds like a bad way to spend a day? Getting into some sort of medical emergency. No part of that is fun. And to add insult to literal injury, there’s a good chance you could end up with a medical bill that you are not prepared for or capable of paying.You may feel trapped by your inability to pay and worry that your only options are eternal debt or bankruptcy. And the stress will likely keep you from stepping back and seeing if there might be other ways to get out of your medical debt dilemma.If you’ve found this page because you’re struggling with medical bills, know someone struggling with medical bills, or are worried you may be struggling with medical bills in the future, we hope this advice may help make the situation more manageable.Get as much info as you can upfront.If you’re dealing with a medical emerg ency, there’s a decent chance you won’t be in the ideal position to get all the necessary information upfront. But the more information you are able to get, the better.“Ask for cost transparency or a discount upfront,” urged Ted Chan, CEO of CareDash (@caredash). “Many doctors and dentists are understanding and willing to help.”Assuming you are in a position to make choices about your medical care before undergoing treatment, those choices can make a massive difference in costs.“When it comes to costly medical bills for less invasive medical procedures or even minor surgeries, one way to negotiate a savings is to have it performed in an outpatient office or ambulatory surgical setting,” advised Beverly Friedmann, content manager for ReviewingThis (@ReviewingThis).“Surgeons have to pay high costs to rent out spaces in hospitals to perform surgeries, so if theres ever a way to safely have a procedure performed in-office, youll be looking at a much lower bill. You can ask your doctor what your options are, and if this is a safe route to explore. Its also important to remember the difference between a routine endoscopy and an appendectomy, as there are some procedures best limited to hospital settings.“If you are given a choice between general anesthesia and a less invasive form of sedation, its typically wise to opt for the latter for a few reasons. From a healthcare vantage point, milder forms of sedation are typically just as effective and come with much fewer risks. They also tend to be less costly, and require less downtime spent in the hospital. Less downtime means a faster discharge, which means a lower total bill. You can try and negotiate a milder form of sedation for less invasive procedures and act as your own advocate throughout the process.”Limit your stay if you can.In an ideal world, you would feel comfortable taking as long as you need to recover to full health before being discharged. Sadly, the current reality is that the lo nger you stay in the hospital, the larger your bill will be.“To save on costly hospital stays that can leave you in debt, being your own advocate is key,” explained Friedmann. “As soon as you enter an emergency room, try to calmly and collectively ensure your symptoms are addressed. If youre being admitted, try to refer to your rights as a patient and request a bed (politely) as soon as possible. Try to ensure you are discharged as soon as possible within the realm of what is safe and under your physicians directives. Ultimately, try to stress urgency without being pushy and exercising caution. Getting in and out safely and as quickly as possible will lower your total bill by as much as possible.”Get the full bill.There are a lot of mysteries when it comes to medical billing. Well, presumably someone who works for the provider understands the process completely. But you only have to do a little bit of research (or spend enough time in different hospitals) to realize that the re is often little transparency or consistency when it comes to medical billing in the United States.“Ask the billing department for the full, itemized billâ€"most hospitals/insurance companies send you the summary page,” advised Suzanne Garber, co-founder of the international hospital database  Gauze (@GauzeHealth). “Would you buy anything of any value (computer, car, home), without the full itemized statement? Of course not. Healthcare should not be treated any differently. Demand the full bill.”You should also be keeping track of whatever you can.“Retain all documentation for your care from beginning to end, including bills, medical records,  prescriptions, and receipts,” Chan suggested.Once you have the bill, you can make sure there weren’t any mistakes working against you. Paying for what you actually owe is tough enough. Why make it harder?“Check your bill thoroughly,” urged Leslie H. Tayne Esq. (@LeslieHTayneEsq), Founder and Head Attorney at Tayne Law Group (@taynelawgroup). “Ask for an itemized copy of your medical bills and make sure that you received each service you’re being charged for. Additionally, double check with your insurance company that you’re getting as much coverage as possible. Insurance billing codes change frequently, so errors are not uncommon and could be costing you more than you should be paying.”Do your research.We’re getting to the part where we tell you that you can attempt to negotiate your medical bills. But first, it’s a good idea to arm yourself with some knowledge.“Research the fair market cost of each procedure you’ve had done,” offered Garber. “HealthcareBlueBook.com and Bankrate.com offer free estimates on how much healthcare procedures may cost. Castlight Health also offers a subscription based service to compare prices around the country. Know, too, what insurance companies have contracts with the hospitals as each insurance contract nets a discount that can range between 20 to 8 0 percent.”Get to negotiations.Medical bills are often reduced or settled for less. Why not yours?“Armed with the full bill plus the average cost, you can intelligently speak with the billing manager to negotiate a better price,” explained Garber. “Oftentimes, you will receive 10 to 50 percent of the original bill. You can negotiate for a better discount by paying cash for the remaining balance; lesser discounts will likely have you working out a monthly payment plan.”Be sure that you have all the details in line so you’ll be negotiating from the strongest position possible.“Not many people think of trying to negotiate medical debt, but it is certainly possible,” Tayne told us. “First, make sure you’re the responsible party before discussing any payments. When looking to negotiate your debt, be prepared. Medical debt is inherently tied to hardship, so focus on the medical issue that landed you in debt in the first place. If you have a hardship, be prepared to dis cuss that and also go through your budget before calling so you know what you can and cannot do before having a conversation and feeling pressure to answer and agree to terms that may not make sense.”Ask for assistance.Sometimes you just have to ask for help. That might mean getting someone to guide you through the process.“A medical advocate can help work through and explain the medical billing process,” offered Tayne. “This may be a good option if you’re unsure or overwhelmed by the process. However, be aware that most medical bill advocates will charge a fee.”If you can prove you’re experiencing financial difficulties, there may be programs you can take advantage of.“There may be a hardship packet with the hospital that you can fill out, and you can request one if you haven’t seen it,” Tayne advised. “Most hospitals have a financial services department where you can complete a hardship packet, and the department should get back in contact with you relatively soon after you submit your paperwork. The hospital will let you know what costs will be reduced from your bill due to your hardships. You also may be able to negotiate for a payment plan. Many medical bills are interest-free so consider a payment plan in your budget as an offer to resolve the matter.”Hardship programs like these benefit the hospitals as well.“Some healthcare systems have a community or charity care center,” explained Garber. “Providing you meet their qualification of needing financial assistance, between 25 to 100 percent of your healthcare may be written off as charity. Ask for their definition and be guided to their portal to fill out the forms. You will likely be asked to show your bank balance as well as tax forms.”Bankruptcy?It should be one of the last options you consider, but bankruptcy exists for a reason, and there’s no shame in taking advantage of it if you have to.“If all else fails and you are unable to pay for your procedure, file bankru ptcy,” Garber offered. “Healthcare is the number one reason why Americans file bankruptcy for personal reasons and it’s an embarrassment as no other country on the planet makes its citizens give up everything they own in order to take care of themselves medically.”The best option is not having a medical issue at all. These are some other options to consider.Dealing with major life expenses can be difficult. If youre not prepared to handle them, they can easily deplete your savings, leaving you to rely on  short-term  bad credit loans  and  no credit check loans  (like  payday loans,  cash advances, and  title loans) to make ends meet. So start planning ahead now! To learn more about you can deal with major life expenses, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:What Would a Recession Mean for You?Should You Get Life Insurance?Emergencies and Divorce: How to Plan For Worst-Case ScenariosHow Do You Know When it’s Time to Help an Elder With Their Finances?Do y ou have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsTed Chan is the CEO of  CareDash (@caredash), a doctor review website used by more than 1 million patients a month.Beverly Friedmann works as a Content Manager for the consumer website  ReviewingThis (@ReviewingThis)â€"with a background in Sales and Marketing Managementâ€"and is from New York, NY.Suzanne Garber is the co-founder of  Gauze (@GauzeHealth)  the world’s most comprehensive database of international hospitals that informs and connects the 1.3 billion international travelers annually with appropriate care anywhere, Suzanne Garber also directed and produced GAUZE: Unraveling Global Healthcare, an award-winning, PBS documentary that highlights her journey to 24 countries, 174 hospitals and interviews with 65 healthcare experts. Her work as COO, International SOS and Managing Director, FedEx South America has taken her to 100+ coun tries and all 7 continents. Holding degrees with honors from the University of Pennsylvania and Rutgers University, Suzanne has been featured in US News World Report, The New York Times, Businessweek and hundreds of other media outlets/conferences that focus on globalization, risk mitigation, and international healthcare.Leslie H. Tayne, Esq.  (@LeslieHTayneEsq) has nearly 20 years’ experience in the practice area of consumer and business financial debt-related services. Leslie is the founder and head attorney at  Tayne Law Group  (@taynelawgroup), which specializes in debt relief.

Importance Of A Business s Value Chain - 2382 Words

The Importance of a Business’s Value Chain Serge-Eric Keller Marvin Hagen 06/26/15 The Importance of a Business’s Value Chain Introduction It is the wish of every business to be able to achieve and maintain a competitive advantage. A competitive advantage can be considered to be an advantage, a condition or even a position that will make a firm to be able to operate efficiently and also be able to produce products or services that are of a higher quality than the previous ones or than the other competing firms. When a firm is able to achieve increased earnings as compared to the costs it incurred, then it can be said to have achieved a competitive advantage according to Michael Porter, a†¦show more content†¦Michael Kors Holdings Michael Kors Holdings is an American company that deals with clothing and fashion accessories, including watches and bags. It has many branches around the world. The fashion industry is a very competitive industry especially because fashion products are subject to changes more than any other consumer goods. People always want to stay ahead of the fashion and these industries therefore have to make more efforts in order to be able to win over customers. Fashion products have a very short shelf-life as compared to other products and sometimes it becomes hard for firms to be able to forecast the demand of these products (Christopher et al., 2004). Michael Kors Holdings being an international company with its branches spread in different parts of the world, means that it has a huge global market to serve. Going international has many advantages but at the same it also has its disadvantages. In the global market, the changes happening in the market and the competition are on a very high level. Competition is very high especially when it comes to those fast moving products or services whereby the products or services are of a short cycle and consumer demand change each day. The fashion industry is such in case whereby the products are of a short life. The industry is also characterized by

Media Is The Blame For Eating Disorders - 844 Words

Outline: 1. Introduction a. Attention getter: i. Perfection. A word that will never be attainable but so many of young women strive for it. Why? Magazines, instagram, twiter, facebook, snapchat. Today’s media has dominated the way young women see themselves. Young women are constantly comparing themselves to Kendall Jenner, Kim Kardashian, or even their best friend. b. Relevance statement: i. Many people can relate to media being the blame for eating disorders because they’ve either dealt with this or know someone who has had an eating disorder due to what the media says you should look like. c. Thesis statement: i. When thinking of how the media can manipulate your idea of what a perfect body is, it makes since that it is the blame for women having eating disorders. d. Credibility statement: i. I’ve known quite a few women in my life that has gotten eating disorders due to what they think they should look like because of what the media displays to us. e. Preview of Main Points: in order to back up my argument, I’ve come up with three points to discuss: i. How models in the media have gotten smaller overtime ii. Photo editing to get the â€Å"perfect† body makes women turn to eating disorders to obtain that look iii. Woman with low self-esteem turn to eating disorders to boost there confidence 2. Body a. Main Point: How models and celebrities in the media have gotten smaller overtime i. In the 1950s, photo editing was insignificant, only glorifying a woman’s natural body,Show MoreRelatedEating Disorders Have Multiple Complex Causes; The Media is not to Blame 1568 Words   |  7 PagesWhen the topic of eating disorders (ED), anorexia, bulimia, starving, purging, or any other form of self harm is brought into an everyday conversation, it is simply looked at as nothing out of them norm and is just brushed off as if the topic was concerning what the President had for lunch that day. 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The Brand Of Clothing On Female Consumers By Buying Behavior

In this dissertation, we focus on discovering the influence of the brand of clothing on female consumers by buying behavior in Pakistan. A. Branding Concept The brand for years has been used as a means to differentiate and specify the goods of one producer of the goods of another. Ambler (1992) defines the brand as the promise of the packages of attributes that someone buys and provides satisfaction. 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Effects of TV commercials on consumer: Many of the researches have been conducted to see the influence of advertisement or TV commercials on consumer.The findings of these study support the current study that consumers are very much affected through TV advertisement.TV commercials have great ability to create a desire in Audience and persuadeRead MoreBody Image And Self Image818 Words   |  4 Pagesstandards. In Western countries, the female body image is regarded as good if it is attractive, thin and fit. Therefore, consumers will look for clothing that can help them in building this image. Self-image refers to the physical and psychological perception that one has of oneself. One can evaluate one’s self-image through feedback from others on his/her appearance and simply by looking at the reflection of one’s image on the mirror. 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Number of studies showed that window displays do increase customers interest towards all displayed products (Yildirim, Baskaya Hidayetoglu, 2007; Gudonaviciene Alijosiene, 2015). Window display play the most important factor that attract customers to come in the store (Hefer Cant, 2013). Several elements should be consideredRead MoreMarketing Segmentation of Adidas Essay1435 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Adidas is a major German sports apparel manufacturer, which was founded in 1948. It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe and the second biggest sportswear manufacturer in the world, after Nike. The companys clothing and shoe designs typically feature three parallel bars. The company revenue for 2009 was listed at â‚ ¬10.38 billion. The market segmentation; targeting and position play an important role in this company. This essay will use the three factors to analyze thisRead More2.What Is Psychographics?. Psychographics Is The Study1153 Words   |  5 PagesPsychographics is commonly known as study of ‘lifestyle’ of consumers. It plays an important part in building consumer behaviour and helps in the promotion of those products and services which are related to items of personal care, fashion, automobiles, telephone services, alcoholic drinks, news papers, magazines, food products like milk, tea, coffee. In a country of the size of India where life style differs widely from region to region the study of consumer psychographic is of great significance to marketerRead MoreInternal Factors That Influence Consumer Behavior1339 Words   |  6 Pagesor service, the behavior of consumers must be considered. Understanding how a person thinks, reacts, and feels may play a huge role in how a marketing manager sets up their campaign; thus determining whether or not their marketing plan was a success or failure. The factors that affect consumer behavior can be broken down into three segments: internal, external, and situational. Internal factors that influence consumer behavior involves the perception of a product by a consumer; perception actsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article American Eagle By W. Glynn Mangold And Katherine Taken Smith1654 Words   |  7 Pagesby Grace L. Williams. These articles focused more on athleisure wear and collegiate apparel which gave us insight on whether or not this was a market American Eagle could get in on, starting with their acquisition of Tailgate Clothing, â€Å"a vintage, sports  ­inspired apparel brand with a collegetown store concept.† Literature Review A key finding that was discovered while searching for a research article was about how the college apparel market is growing. The licensed college apparel market is worth

Primary Reserach free essay sample

More than half of the exponents ranked little familiarity , out of which a quarter of the total respondent marked a familiarity of 1, only 4 responded have claimed strong familiarity with the issue. The data shows that the general public in Hong Kong does not have a very high understanding of the piracy actions in the Indian ocean. To facilitate the collection of data with rich and in depth understanding of the issue, we chose some of the respondents from the countries that suffer loses from piracy issues directly.A Total of 12 respondents were from those countries, 7 from India, 2 from Sir Lankan , 2 from Indonesia and 1 from Malaysia. We assumed they would have better knowledge of the piracy issue and it would expedite the data collected. To ascertain whether our respondents were indeed telling the truth about their knowledge on piracy, we inserted four questions that would test their factual knowledge. We hoped that the respondents would have a moral conduct and not Google the answers and from what we gather, we can assume they had not. We first asked them if they knew about the actual number of pirate attacks that occurred in 201 1, We offered multiple choices, this was to aid recall of the facts if necessary. According to the International Maritime Bureau, as of, 201 1, 439 pirate attacks took place in the Indian Ocean(Managua 2012). As you can see from below only 22% of respondents got the right answer. Then we asked if the respondents could estimate what was the cost to trade is an estimated $6. 6 to $6. 9 billion a year in global trade according to research by Oceans Beyond Piracy (BOB)(Bowdon and Basset, 2011). Only 5 made a guess in the 9 zeros figure. And the closest is an answer of $3 Billion. Ironically the respondent behind this answer only put 2 out of 5 in their rank of familiarity with piracy (1 being the lowest) After the numerical questions the other 2 would test basic knowledge of anyone who claims to be familiar with piracy. They just inquired whether the respondents were aware that the pirates were supported by not only notorious criminals and terrorists but more unprecedented, civilians as well. (a majority of whom live under the poverty line).Civilians can invest in various hijacking like it is NASDAQ , they will earn handsome dividends for their principal investments, which of course they would re invest in other possible hijackings, this way not only ensuring relatively steadier supply of food for heir families but also contributing to the capital funds for pirates. Or if civilians were afraid of the risk they would sign up to be pirates themselves. 18 out of 36 respondents knew about the civilian support but only a meager 5 out of 36 knew about the collaboration between Al-Shabby Jihad Extremist group and the pirates. See figure 2. 4) Also a huge chunk of Hong Kong adults support the set up of light industries by HUSSAR Government as most of them believe it will deter poverty stricken groups of civilians to invest in hijack like stocks or joining the increasing numbers of pirates. Few however are cautious as they are aware Somalia does not have a stable government , there is no guarantee that the Somalis would uphold their end of the bargain, then it could prove a huge expense for Hong Kong. (See figure 2. ) When cargo security became a question due to private activities, Many companies stood up to take the chance and provide provide military individual for secure delivery of the ships. Many of the military individuals are the former war veterans from Afghanistan and Iraq etc. (Ginsberg,201 2) About four to five years ago the measure of security against the pirates were taken very seriously. As a result of which the ships were sent off to reach their destination with heavy ammunition and many kind of weaponrys along with the guards to safely deliver the cargo across the seas.This trend became normal and acceptable and the attacks of the pirates started to dwindle. (Earner,2013). The above measures are the methods that were used to combat against the pirates in the past few years. Respondents Of the survey ranked the effectiveness of the above methods according to their knowledge and assumptions of how feasible the measures are going to be. The graph analyses from the collected data shows that majority of the exponent are neutral about ranking the above measure , more than a quarter agree to the measures and only few of them have given low ranking to the solutions, see figure 2. . More solutions that were discussed at the Mock United Nations Conference attended were presented to the respondents to see whether they support these solutions. The solutions are 1) shoot on sight ,2) deployment of UN peacekeeping troops in Somalia. More than half agree to the shoot on sight solution and more than one third of the respondent have shown support to the deployment of UN Peacekeeping troops in Somalia. Overall, the majority agree to the solutions.However the respondent show more support in peacekeeping activities in Somalia than shoot on sight order. Moreover, from the data collected, more of the solutions that the respondents think are useful and feasible are mainly about improving the security in the ships and they have said that more of the patrol vessels should be deployed. Some even indicated to tackle the prominent problem that is the poverty in Somalia and that may lead to decrease in piracy? , That is a question only if the poverty problem in Somalia is tackled than we can answer.

Nathaniel Hawthorne Essays - Nathaniel Hawthorne,

Nathaniel Hawthorne Nathaniel Hawthorne was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts, the descendent of a long line of Puritan ancestors, including John Hathorne, a presiding magistrate in the Salem witch trials. After his father was lost at sea when he was only four, his mother became overly protective and pushed him toward more isolated pursuits. Hawthorne's childhood left him overly shy and bookish, and molded his life as a writer. Hawthorne turned to writing after his graduation from Bowdoin College. His first novel, Fanshawe, was unsuccessful and Hawthorne himself disavowed it as amateurish. However, he wrote several successful short stories, including "My Kinsman, Major Molyneaux," "Roger Malvin's Burial" and "Young Goodman Brown." However, insufficient earnings as a writer forced Hawthorne to enter a career as a Boston Custom House measurer in 1839. However, after three years Hawthorne was dismissed from his job with the Salem Custom House. By 1842, however, his writing amassed Hawthorne a sufficient income for him to marry Sophia Peabody and move to The Manse in Concord, which was at that time the center of the Transcendental movement. Hawthorne returned to Salem in 1845, where he was appointed surveyor of the Boston Custom House by President James Polk, but was dismissed from this post when Zachary Taylor became president. Hawthorne then devoted himself to his most famous novel, The Scarlet Letter. He zealously worked on the novel with a determination he had not known before. His intense suffering infused the novel with imaginative energy, leading him to describe it as the "hell-fired story." On February 3, 1850, Hawthorne read the final pages to his wife. He wrote, "It broke her heart and sent her to bed with a grievous headache, which I look upon as a triumphant success." The Scarlet Letter was an immediate success and allowed Hawthorne to devote himself to his writing. He left Salem for a temporary residence in Lenox, a small town the Berkshires, where he completed the romance The House of the Seven Gables in 1851. While in Lenox, Hawthorne became acquainted with Herman Melville and became a major proponent of Melville's work, but their friendship became strained. Hawthorne's subsequent novels, The Blithedale Romance, based on his years of communal living at Brook Farm, and the romance The Marble Faun, were both considered disappointments. Hawthorne supported himself through another political post, the consulship in Liverpool, which he was given for writing a campaign biography for Franklin Pierce. Hawthorne passed away on May 19, 1864 in Plymouth, New Hampshire after a long period of illness in which he suffered severe bouts of dementia.. Emerson described his life with the words "painful solitude." Hawthorne maintained a strong friendship with Franklin Pierce, but otherwise had few intimates and little engagement with any sort of social life. His works remain notable for their treatment of guilt and the complexities of moral choices.

To be, or not to be

To be, or not to be According to Merrion-Webster Inc. Dictionary, a doppelgÂÆ'Â ¤nger is a double, an often ghostly or evil counterpart to a character. It comes from the German language, doppel- double + -gÂÆ'Â ¤nger goer. It might be asked, "What does a doppelgÂÆ'Â ¤nger have to do with a paper on Joseph Conrad?" The answer is a lot, especially if Conrad's "The Secret Sharer" is being discussed. In this short story, the two characters, the captain and Leggatt, share many similarities, as well as differences. When comparing the similarities and differences, they can be used to show the duality between the captain and Leggatt. Conrad used Leggatt as a doppelgÂÆ'Â ¤nger to help the captain come terms with himself.In 1880, Conrad was part of the crew of the Cutty Sark. On this ship, Sidney Smith killed a black man, John Francis. The captain of the Cutty Sark secretly helped Smith to an American ship, the Colorado.Cutty Sark on fire.

Elementary Teachers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Elementary Teachers - Essay Example attempt, they display exceptional expertise in bolstering barely glowing literacy embers. Their professional expertise enables them to engage highly effective, personalized conferences that frequently provide students with the extra time to ask questions or received targeted instruction they need to fill their specific literacy gaps. Compared to exceptionally gifted peers that teach in pre-schools, kindergarten, and first grades, highly effective second grade teachers have patience and gifts in helping students find answers to their own questions, with their support". (Block, et al,) "Highly effective third grade teachers are exceptional managers. They have particular expertise at working with a wide variety of ability levels, groups, and materials at a variety of readability levels simultaneously. They place high value in and enjoy using strategies that motivate students into literacy by effectively introducing broader ranges of readability levels, content topics, and genre that was possible in preschool through grade 2 classrooms. They believe that the key to literacy success for many third graders is to introduce many new genre so that students fall in love with a specific book. This in turn could lead them to desire because they want to read more complex books about that newly discovered area of interest. Among their teaching talents are managing the range of literacy competencies necessary to learn to read and read to learn. They distinguish themselves in their ability to bring books with few pictures to life, develop vivid backgrounds rapidly, and stimulate students to explore and question specific context topics. When students do not learn a concept on an initial attempt, they are particularly... The study occurred in four phases. In Phase I, six hundred forty-seven language arts supervisors from seven English-speaking countries engaged in a Delphi analysis, involving point-by-point analyses of highly effective instruction in action from preschool to grade 5. In Phase II, 1,294 characteristics of teaching expertise identified in Phase I were dimensionalized into 475 categorizes of teaching expertise and inter-rater reliabilities were computed. In Phase III, eleven prominent researchers from the USA, Canada, and Australia cross-validated data. In Phase IV, the Blocks wrote summaries of most distinctive qualities per grade level, compared qualities across grade levels, and analyzed commonalities and differences between qualities identified by supervisors versus researchers. Forty-six indices of teaching expertise distinguished highly effective preschool to grade 5 literacy teachers from one another. Applications of these data for research, policy, and practice were described. The purpose of this study was to create a descriptive database of preschool to grade 5 teaching expertise.

Personal Responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal Responsibility - Essay Example Indeed, this understanding aligns with the definition given by scholars. Considering one of such definitions as given by Hughes (2012), personal responsibility is defined as â€Å"a balance of one’s reasoning skills, referred to as rationality, and intuition, referred to as sensibility, so as to determine the fulfillment of duties for the good of each individual, referred to as autonomy.† This definition appreciates independence in decision-making and sensibility with regards to the environment just as I had postulated. It calls for the need to bear the consequences of actions taken. This virtue would be critical for students who co-exist in a shared environment for the realization of their goals in school. The view of personal responsibility from the reputation lens ensures that a personally responsible person lives up to the expectation of the community. This is further boosted by the relationship lens which calls for fairness and liberty for all. As such, personal re sponsibility, which involves autonomous decision-making with the consideration of all stakeholders, is a critical virtue that promotes college success, thus my adoption of a plan to foster my personal sense of responsibility. Personal responsibility positively relates to college success. The first reason is because personal responsibility fosters autonomy. The concern of a student who has a sense of personal responsibility would be to protect individual rights. In protecting these rights, the students would be best placed to establish themselves an environment that best fosters their learning. As a result, Roth (2010) argues that this optimizes their performance in college. Moreover, because of the call for ethical behavior with regards to personal responsibility, this attribute would cause college students to not only fulfill what is expected of them but also create the greatest good. Thus, while seeking to meet their individual objectives, such students would also be keen to ensure

Impact of training on employee motivation

Impact of training on employee motivation The Impact of Training and Development on Employee Motivation and its impact on Customer satisfaction at Chiswick Mcdonalds Abstract My research will investigate the impact of training and development on employee motivation. It will further examine the mediating effect on custoemr satisfaction. A sample of 25 employees will be selected to test the reliability of the model. The significance of the study, its delimitations and limitations are discussed. INTRODUCTION PROPOSED RESEARCH TITLE The impact of Training and Development on employee Motivation and its impact on Customer satisfaction at Chiswick Mcdonalds. Background of the Study The role The role of employee (the performance of employees) in attaining and maintaining the quality of output motivation is above any question. Too much budget is being spent on the administrative, marketing and other side of development (management development, re-structuring, etc.), less attention is given to the underlying dimensions of the employee Performance. The ability of an employee is often thought to be the sole criterion for his/her performance. This oversimplification of the phenomenon results in an oversimplified solution of the problem. The most often exercised solution is the conduction of professional training programs, usually in the relevant areas. This tendency of considering performance being outcome of only ability, leads to many undesirable consequences. Firstly the selection of employees is not on the bases of the nature of job, or hes not shown or doesnt knows the JDs of what he has to perform, or no proper training is given to them, while ignoring the impo rtance of on-the-work-motivation which may affect the performance of the individual. In fact, the Performance of employees is a construct with a variety of underlying dimensions. With all these issues in mind the aim of this research is to develop and test a model for Employee Performance. The model will analyze The Role of Training Development, and motivation on the performance of employee 3. Studys Relation to Theory and Literature Literature Review 3.7 Summary 3.1 Introduction 3.2 3.3 Training equipments and Performance 3.6 Environment and Performance 3.5 Training methodology and Performance 3.4 Employee commitment performance 3.2 Training analysis performance Figure 2.1 INTRODUCTION A study was conducted by ann stes, mieke clement on the topic of The effectiveness of a faculty training program: influencing factors in this article it was said that, in view of the investments made, one should not be surprised that, in times of growing attention for accountability, questions with regard to the impact of faculty development initiatives are raised. Consequently, the impact of the training program for novice faculty was evaluated with a written survey shortly after the training was completed (see also stes, clement nelissen, 2002). In todays research literature, a lot of attention is devoted to the impact of faculty development initiatives (Gibbs Coffey, 2000; McAlpine, 2003). However, before questioning the effect of the training program, one should seriously think about the underlying framework and the accompanying outcomes one wishes to achieve (Gilbert Gibbs, 1998). A Study was conducted named Driving simulator fidelity and training effectiveness. By the follow ing J.C.F. de Winter1, P.A. Wieringa1, J. Dankelman1, M. Mulder2, M.M. van Paassen2, S. de Groot1The existing organizational culture (the change environment) will undoubtedly constrain or promote this development (Clarke Hollingsworth, 2002; Trowler Cooper, 2002). The main reasons for pursuing higher levels of fidelity appear to be based on the assumption that higher fidelity improves validity of performance and improves transfer to real car driving. The downside is that, generally, higher fidelity increases costs (e.g.,AGARD, 1980; Roza, 2004). Stereo presentations have been reported to improve task performance in simulated environments (e.g., mollenhauer, 2004; kim et al (2005)). Several studies yield mixed results (mollenhauer et al, 2004; nash et al, 2000) or indicate that a stereo presentation may reduce performance when display artefacts are present (pfautz, 2003) The training application was designed based on the framework espoused by the constructivist view of learning. Dalgarno (2001) outlined three broad principles of this view based on studies by Kant (1946) and Dewey (1938) for the first principle, Piaget (1969) for the second principle, and Vygotsky (1978) for the third principle. The first principle informs that individuals formed their own representation of knowledge and there was no particular correct representation of knowledge. The second principle prescribes that learning occurred when learners uncovered a deficiency in their knowledge representation or an inconsistency between their current knowledge representation and their experience during active exploration. Learning that takes place within a social context is the third principle of this constructivist view. These three broad principles have been adopted in formulating approaches to the teaching and learning process. A research conducted on How military research can improve team training Effectiveness in other high-risk industries by Jeffrey M. Beaubien, Ph.D., David P. Baker, Ph.D., Amy K. Holtzman, M.A. American Institutes for ResearchOser and colleagues define scenario-based training is a systematic process of linking all aspects of scenario design, development, implementation, and analysis (Oser, Cannon-Bowers, Salas, Dwyer, 1999) . Similar to simulator-based training, TCT has been widely applied in aviation and has recently been introduce in healthcare. In aviation, TCT is referred to as Crew Resource Management (CRM) training (Salas, Fowlkes, Stout, Milanovich, Prince, 1999). so, this shows the relationship of performance with all other factors are given below Summary I suggest that perception of supportive managerial activities affect moderating on training effectiveness through effects on performance. Supportive managerial practices are positively related to the positive performance, which mediate effects on motivation. I intend to replicate this model by altering the theme and thus testing the training effectiveness- moderating relationship of supportive managerial practices with motivation and performance. 4. The Study The Significance of Study The study will broaden our understanding of employee performance by including the role of management in the proposed model. Since the traditional view of employee performance is very narrow, current study will add to existing body of knowledge by signifying: The role of training on employee performance The role which of employee commitment and motivation with performance. It will further strengthen the research finding regarding the antecedents of training effectiveness. By looking into the motivational aspect of Employee Performance, the study will Signify the importance of antecedents of motivation for performance It will greatly facilitate the policy making bodies to evolve a comprehensive view Of employee Performance and thus undertake necessary administrative Adjustments accordingly. A concomitant aim of this study is to test the discussed western theories and model in an eastern advancing country (Pakistan) The Theoretical Framework This research will be utilizing the following theories to build its conceptual framework: Expectancy Theory of Motivation (Vroom, 1964) (Context for this Research: Higher Perceived Organizational Support will result in high organizational commitment and job satisfaction, (high instrumentality) and this will result in high work-motivation. Conceptual Framework Based on stated review of literature and theories, following conceptual framework is devised to conduct this study: Employees perception of supportive organizational practices and training effectiveness contribute to motivation, which in turn mediates the impact of these practices on performance Research Questions Main Question: Does training mediate the relationship between managerial Practices and Performance through mediating the Motivation of Employees performance? Sub Questions: Does training builds employee commitment? Does environment effects employee performance? Does training methodology training equipments build motivation? Key Terms of the Study Defined Organizational Commitment The affective commitment of employees to the organization is termed as organizational commitment. Job Satisfaction Job satisfaction is a work-related attitude, which indicates that employee is not dissatisfied with the job. But this in itself does not motivate employee. (Herzberg, Mausner Snyderman, 1959). Motivation Simply stating motivation is the force behind any action. In the model under consideration motivation is force to perform. Performance The work-related output or outcome of organizational employees in his/her performance. The Methodology Research Design In line with the requirements of the research, a longitudinal research design will be used. The data, as indicated in the coming lines, will be collected over a period of almost three months. Sampling Technique and Sample: Stratified-random sampling technique will be used to take care of both public and private sector institutions, appropriate stratification will be undertaken to represent both male and female Teachers. A sample, each of 200 employees, will be used to conduct the study. In this study the data about the attitudinal variables regarding perception of human resource practices will be collected at time 1 while the data concerning personal attitudes (training, employee Commitment, techniques, Motivation Performance) will be collected, at time 2, about 3 months after time 1 to draw a conclusion about the casual nature of relationships. Tools of Data Collection: Data on all the variables will be collected through questionnaire. Measures: Organizational commitment Commitment will be measured with a 9-item version of the organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ; 1 = strongly disagree to 7 = strongly agree; Mowday, Steers Porter, 1979) proposed by Bozeman and Perrewe (2001). They suggested that several items in the OCQ may be confounded with withdrawal intentions and proposed a 9-item version that removes withdrawal-related items. We conducted all analyses using both the full and the 9-item OCQ and found no substantive differences in the results. Various researches reported that results using the 9-item version that removes withdrawal-related items. A sample item is I really care about the fate of this organization. The validity and reliability analysis of the instrument can be found in Allen, D.G., Shore, L.M. Griffeth, R.W. (2003). . Job satisfaction. Job satisfaction will be measured with a 4-item scale (1 = strongly disagree to 7 = strongly agree) developed by Price (1977). A sample item is I feel satisfied with my job.(David G. Allen et al, 2003). Motivation: Motivation will be measure by an instrument, which was adopted by House Dessler (1973). The Responses categorizing seven point Lickert scale ranging from definitely not true to definitely true. Factor analysis will be carried out to reveal two factors. Factor one: Performance and Reward Belief. And Factor two: effort and performance belief. ( Henry P. Sims, J.R, et al, 1976). The validity and reliability analysis of the instrument can be found in Sims, H.P., Szilagyi, A.D., McKemey, D.R. (1976).. Performance: Supervisors will rate employee performance by indicating the extent of their agreement with each statement on a 5-point Likert-type scale (1=Below satisfaction to 5=Excellent) This practice had been adopted by most of the public (University of the Punjab) and private (Superior university) educational institutions in Pakistan. Supervisors will be asked to compare each rated employee with the average of other employees holding similar jobs. Supervisor rated performance evaluation method had been successfully used in different studies like Williams and Anderson (1991) Organ, and Near (1983). And specially with reference to Organizational support theory this method had also been adopted by. Lynch, P.D., Eisenberger, R., Armeil, S. (1999). Ethical Considerations The subjects of study will be briefed about the nature of study before collecting data. The data provided by the respondents will be kept confidential. Further, the data collected from students, peers and immediate-supervisor about the motivation and performance of individuals will also be kept confidential and will only be used for research purposes. Delimitations and Limitations Delimitations: This study is restricted to the Employees: With 02 or more years of experience (02 years are supposed to be minimum Appropriate time period to make a mind about HR practices) Limitations: Motivation is a deeply rooted psychological phenomenon the antecedents of Which may be more complex than organizational commitment and job Satisfaction. The performance is not only the function of motivation but also that of ability. This aspect of proposed model invites further research. Statistical Analysis The exact nature of detailed statistical analysis is not known at this stage of the study, but some major steps are: Use of Factor Analysis for Questionnaire Development. Descriptive Statistics, including demographics will be provided about the subjects of study. Regression Analysis will be applied using SPSS (statistical package). Confirmatory Factory Analysis will be carried to confirm the model. Results and Discussion Results of the study will be discussed to check the significance of proposed model. Further the implications of study for both theoretical and practical purposes will be discussed. Further, scope for future research in this area will be highlighted.

The Depiction of Women in The Yellow Wallpaper and The Chrysanthemums

The Depiction of Women in "The Yellow Wallpaper," by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and "The Chrysanthemums," by John Steinbeck Identical twins have the same genes that make both of them look, think, and feel the same. Their likes and dislikes are the same; for instance, when one likes yellow, the other will like yellow. However, their fortunes are different; for instance, when one dies, the other will not die. Similarly, in literature, different authors have created a twin character in different eras. It is as if a second twin sister was born forty years after the first one was born. In "The Yellow Wallpaper," written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman ( 1892) and "The Chrysanthemums," written by John Steinbeck (1938), both stories are similar in characterization and setting. They differ, however, in their points of view and the symbolism. Each actual symbol is different, but its meaning is the same. Although they differ in many different ways, both show that being trapped inside an isolated house and having a limited life under a husband's control leads to a miserable ending of a woman's life. While Gilman uses a lonely, big house where her main character stays for three months, Steinbeck creates a small farmhouse where Elisa lives and works. This definitely addresses their loneliness and isolation. Elisa works in her flower garden in which she plants chrysanthemums bigger than anyone does in the Salinas Valley. She works alone in her small garden that is surrounded with a "wire fence" to protect from "cattle and dogs and chickens" (Steinbeck 503). She lives in a small farmhouse that is far away from other houses, which makes her feel as if she is isolated from her society. Steinbeck sets the Salinas Valley as if it is also isola... ...eir messages of the stories are the same. So now, just think about why they have many similar thoughts toward women. Works Cited Charter, Ann, and Samuel Charters, eds. Literature and its Writers: A Compact Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. 3rd ed. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin's, 2003. Steinbeck, John. "The Chrysanthemums." Literature and its Writers: A Compact Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. 3 rd ed.Ed. Ann Charter and SamuelCharter. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin's, 2003. 502 - 510. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. "The Yellow Wallpaper." Literature and its Writers: A Compact Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. 3 rd ed. Ed. Ann Charter and Samuel Charter. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin's, 2003. 182- 193. Gilbert, Sandra M., and Gubar, Susan. "A Feminist Reading of Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper." Charters and Charters 564- 566.

Air Pollution Control in India

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL IN INDIA Air pollution  is the introduction of  chemicals,  particulate matter, or  biological materials  that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the  natural environment  or  built environment, into the  atmosphere. The first law against air pollution was passed in 1873. Air pollution can be classified broadly in two types: 1) Urban * Industrialization * Vehicles The increasing number of vehicles and industries constitute a major source for air pollution in urban areas. Heavy subsidy on Diesel also contributed to urban air pollution. 2) Rural * Indoor air pollution Indoor air pollution is caused due to poor availability of resources. It is directly and indirectly linked to lack of awareness and unaffordability which can be tackled by creating more employment opportunities for people. In India around 60% of the total population lives in rural areas and thus pollution caused due to indoor burning of solids is also very high. Case study: Bhopal Gas tragedy (1984) The Bhopal Gas Tragedy, involving a massive release of 40 tonnes heavier-than-air toxic methylisocyanate (MIC) gas, resulted in the death or injury of many thousands of people in the surrounding residential areas.It is attributed to the failure of safety systems, which allowed forty tones of the poisonous methyl isocyanate from the Union Carbide plant, to mix with water at a high temperature. Half a million people were exposed to the gas and 20,000 have died to date as a result of their exposure. More than 120,000 people still suffer from ailments caused by the accident and the subsequent pollution at the plant site. These ailments include blindness, extreme difficulty in breathing, and gynecological disorders. Controlling Air Pollution:National Air Quality Monitoring Program (NAMP)- The objectives of the N. A. M. P. are to determine status and trends of ambient air quality; to ascertain whether the prescribed ambient a ir quality standards are violated; to Identify Non-attainment Cities; to obtain the knowledge and understanding necessary for developing preventive and corrective measures and to understand the natural cleansing process undergoing in the environment through pollution dilution, dispersion, wind based movement, dry deposition, precipitation and chemical transformation of pollutants generated.UNEPs Indian Solar Loan Program- The aim of this effort is to help Canara bank and Syndicate bank develop lending portfolios specifically targeted at financing solar home systems (SHS). With the support of the UN Foundation and Shell Foundation, the project provides an interest rate subsidy to lower the cost to customers of SHS financing.

Short Memory Long Term Memory - 1196 Words

Long Term Memory Long term memory is located in the inner fold of the temporal lobe. Temporal lobe lies beneath the temples on the head. The temporal lobe controls hearing. There is three types of memory that goes with long term memory. First is procedural memory. Procedural memory is apart of the long term memory and is responsible for knowing how to do things ex- how to ride a bike. Next is semantic memory. Semantic memory is knowledge of meanings, the basics and about the world. Then episodic memory. Episodic memory ‘’Stores info from events that we have experienced.’’ There is also knowledge that is related to memory. First is procedural knowledge. Procedural Knowledge is knowing how to simple things ex- how to tie your shoe or riding a bike, this does not include conscious thoughts (conscious- aware, so not aware of doing actions. Then there is declarative knowledge. Declarative knowledge is knowing, ex- when mom’s birthday is, dogs are animals, and Columbus is the capital of Ohio. Endel Tulving is †An Estonian Canadian experimental psychologist and human research on memory influenced psychologist, scientist, and others.† He defined long term memory(one of the earliest to define long term memory). He proposed to define the difference between episodic, semantic, and procedural memory.† Alzheimer s Alzheimer s is a disease in the brain that destroys memory and other functions. Symptoms of this disease are confusion,difficultyShow MoreRelatedShort Term Memory and Long Term Memory Essays554 Words   |  3 PagesShort Term Memory and Long Term Memory Research evidence, theorys and studies supports the views that suggest long term memory and short term memory are separate stores. Short term memory is a system for storing information for brief periods of time. 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Because memory is an important cognitive process it helps us to record the past, so we are able to refer back to it at a later date. If humans didn’t have a memory, we would only be able to understand the present and our past wouldn’t exist. The urge to study how memory works and the concept behind, it has been around for many years. Scientist, and more importantly psychologist, have devotedRead MoreDifferent Types Of Memory Through Comparing Short Term And Long2315 Words   |  10 Pagesknowledge; the later of these is called memory. According to the authors memory is defined as the brain storage for acquired information and the ability to retrieve these information over time (Klandorf, Sherwood, Yancey, p.195). The purpose of this paper is to drive clarity about the different types of memory through comparing short-term and long-term memory, and to explain the underlining physiological mechanisms of short-term and long-term memory. 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